Kimball Opus Pipe Organ Serial Numbers

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Some Large Hinners Organs in Bloomington, Illinois Some Large Hinners Organs in Bloomington, Illinois Larry Chace When PIPORG-L was founded in 1993 by Dave Schutt and Ben Chi, I had been doing quite a bit of research on the Hinners Organ Company of Pekin, Illinois, in an attempt to discover the 'unusual' Hinners organs, ones differing from the many one-manual and two-manual trackers for which they were so well known. The following article was mostly written in 1993 but it then languished until Dave recently asked me to contribute something in honor of PIPORG-L's 10th birthday. It seemed somehow appropriate to dust off this old article, and so here it is, pretty much as written back when PIPORG-L was in its infancy.

Many folks contributed information to its production, but any errors are mine alone. Let me also express my profound thanks Dave Schutt, Ben Chi, and Dave Kelzenberg, as well as to all those who have contributed to PIPORG-L over these past 10 years! Introduction As a teenager growing up in Bloomington in the 1960s, I made a hobby of collecting the specifications of pipe organs in the area, many of which were built by the Hinners Organ Company of Pekin, about 35 miles to the west. Although my notes have been lost, I recall that most of the rural Hinners were trackers, mainly two-manual with a few one-manual.

The city organs were mostly electro-pneumatic, all two-manual except for a single four-manual, the first organ of that size I had ever seen. This article presents the 3 largest Hinners organs in Bloomington. Two of these were among the largest Hinners ever built.

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It’s a Wurlitzer theater organ. The Ayars organ, a Model 190 (serial number 2070). The theater organ is related to the classic church pipe organ.

Altogether, Hinners built at least 18 organs for Bloomington from 1899 until 1935, ranging from two to 32 ranks; four still exist in their original locations and one has been moved. From 1890 until 1936, the Hinners company built about 3000 pipe organs, although it is clear that some of the 3097 assigned opus numbers were for rebuilds rather than new organs. A complete opus list does not exist, and 10 of the 12 original factory ledger books were lost in the 1960s, making it quite difficult now to complie a complete list. The best list I have includes about 2000 entries. On that list are 228 organs with tubular-pneumatic action, built from 1910 until 1929, and 280 with electro-pneumatic action, built from 1916 until 1936. (The last tracker appears to have been built in 1930, but that might have been a rebuild.) About 600 Hinners organs were installed in Illinois, some of them picked up at the factory by their new owners.

Hinners at first purchased their metal pipes from the A. Gottfried Company of Erie, Pennsylvania; in the early 1920s they hired away two Gottfried employees and set them up in the Hinners factory as the 'Illinois Organ Supply Company', selling flue and reed pipes to the trade, including Kilgen, Wangerin, and of course Hinners. Since no one at the Hinners factory fully understood electro-pneumatic action, George Allen, originally from Windsor, Ontario, was hired as a superintendent; he had previously worked for Aeolian and Kilgen. Another superintendent (a Mr. Biddle or Beisel) developed the 'tea-cup' pneumatics used on many, if not most, Hinners tubular-pneumatic and electro-pneumatic organs.

This design used a round leather pouch on a small wooden bowl mounted on a hollow dowel glued to the windchest's bottom board, where it connected to a note groove or to an exhaust magnet. This entire action could be removed with the bottom board, apparently for easier servicing; modern experience has shown that the action is difficult to releather properly because it will cipher if the new pouches have too much free motion. Another very unusual feature of Hinners electric actions was the use of common 'dress snaps' as connectors for the cable running from a bottom board relay to an offset bass chest; Hinners began using them in 1923. Photos and extant parts show that Hinners used heavy felt bushings in the rack board holes for reed pipes, another sign of their quality. Hinners never completely abandoned its slider chest heritage. In the mid-1920s they built slider chests with electro-pneumatic pulldowns and as late as 1935 they used sliders under each individual rank of their mixture stops as an aid to tuning, even though the stops were on electro-pneumatic unit chests.

To round out the choices of actions, the firm also built some tracker-pneumatic instruments; a few trackers used mechanical cone-chests ('Kegellade'), as did at least one tubular-pneumatic instrument, opus 1413 of 1912 for the Masonic Temple in Bloomington. Hinners' attempts to build pitman chests were not especially successful, even though they were copies of a Moller design, and so the company settled on ventil and unit chests for its electro-pneumatic instruments. Hinners' output included at least 49 theatre organs, of which 22 were trackers, 9 were tubular-pneumatic, 3 were straight electric, and 7 were unified electric (the other 8 are undocumented). Except for the unit organs, these were probably very similar to the firm's church organs, ranging from one-manual trackers to a three-manual tubular-pneumatic. The two largest unit organs had three manuals and 11 ranks.